Rotary cutter for pile-fabric looms



Jan. 30, 1923. 1,443,671

T. BACHOFEN. ROTARY CUTTER FOR PILE FABRIC LooMs.

FILED JUNE 19, 1922. 2 SHEETS'SHEET 1 J4 7 9- Z W. 54 25fieadonfiar/zfilt 2y- 3 wmdw M M614; Why

Jan. 30, 1923. 7 1,443,671

T BACHOFEN. ROTARY CUTTER FOR PILE FABRIC LOOMS.

FILED JUNE 19, 1922. 2 SHEETS'SHEET 2 Patented Jan. 30, 1923.

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'IHEODOR BACHOFEN, OF WEST HOBOKEN, NEW JERSEY.

ROTARY CUTTER FOR FILE-FABRIC LOOMS.

Application filed June 19, 1922. Serial N0. 569,480.

To all whom it may cancer n.

Be it known that I, Tnnooon BACHOFEN, a citizen of the United States,residing in West Hoboken, in the county of Hudson and State of NewJersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in RotaryCutters for Pile-Fabric Looms, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to improvements in producing cut pile fabrics ofthe type consisting of a base or under body having firm woven warp andweft threads superposed by a loosely twisted float filler interwoven atintervals to produce alternate bound or confined, and free or unconfinedstripes, usually relatively wide, the filler thread of the lat ter. whenout transversely, untwisting, brooining and expanding to present a softnap or pile surface well known to the art, the invention being animprovement over my former Patent Number 1,18,512.

One object of the present invention is to provide a series of rotarycutters and means for driving the same whereby the float filler warpthreads are severed at the centers of the slightly raised free stripesas the fabric is advanced by the action of the loom in weaving.

Another purpose is in the provision of means for guarding and guidingthe cutters with respect to the stripes they are operating upon, suchmeans consisting of a metal shoe or guard in which each cutter operatesand resilient washers intermediate adjacent cutters.

A further aim is to produce means for mounting the guard shoes so as tobe firmly supported but permitting their ready removal in small groupswhenever desired without interference with these remaining in operativeposition, said shoes being di. rccted centrally of the stripes by theirconnection with the pile wires.

These and other similar aims and objects, which will appear as thedescription proceeds. are accomplished by the novel construction,combination and arrangement of parts hereafter described and showninfthe annexed drawings, forming an essential portion of thisdisclosure, and in which:

Figure 1 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of parts of aconventionaltype of loom the view being largely diagrammatic,illustrating the application of the invention.

Figiie 2 is a top plan view of the front portion of same, drawn to anenlarged scale and showing the general assembly.

Figure 3 is'a transverse sectional view of the support rail, shaft andguide rod, the cutter and shoe showing in side elevation andillustrating the operative position of parts in an enlarged scale.

Figure l is a further enlarged side ele- VaiilOllfll view' of the shoeand cutter in detai Figure 5 is a side view of the preferred type ofspring washer. 1

Figure 6 is a transverse sectional vie taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 5;

Figure 7 is a side view of the rotary cutter used.

Figure 8 is a. sectional view of the same ta zen on line 88 of Fig. 7.

Figure 9 is an enlarged transverse sectional view of the cutter,washer'and shaft assembly, the section being taken 011 line 9 90f Fig.3. c

Figure 10 is'a plan View of one of the bridges or shaft supports withbushing.

Figure 11 is a side view of the same. In order, to establish a clearconception of the invention, attention is first directed to Fig. 1,showing diagrammatically the main features of a loom and in whichthenumerals 20 and 20"designate respectively portions of the constantlyalternating upper and lower threads of the base fabric warp, the samepassing upward from. the warp beam 21 on which they are received in theloom these binder warp threads passing through the heddles of theharnesses, generally designated by the numeral 22, actuated in timedrelation to produce the shed through which the shuttle 23 passes inalternate di rections carrying the weft threads 25 of the fabric base. r

These weft threads are beatby the dents of the reed .24, as it is movedreciprocatively in timed relation to the action of the harness.advancing the fabric by a definite number of picks to the inch accordingto the 'fineness'of the fabric.

The "weft threads 25 constituting the'upper layer or pile of the fabricbecome incorporated by interweaving at uniform spaced intervals with thebinder warp, these threads being loosely twisted'and while held firmlyby the binder warp threads 2020' at their intersections, are unconfinedbetween aug ineul'ed by a certain definite narrowing or iirciion ot thel aluic as i Wmen.

'1 he rubric as woven passes over the breast of the loom and is woundupon a cloth beam driven by take-up devices producing a moderate stressin the fabric.

In order to maintain the pile stripes clear and slightly raised rorn thebase fabric, wires are woven into the fabric, oneztor each stripe. eachwire having; its individual weight 31 for tensioning purposes and passover the rolls 32 between the harness elements E22 and reed 24-. beingraised and lowered by the forward harnesses 22' extendin at the ruin. toguidethe devices which sever the tiller weft tl reads at the center ofeach stripe, these devices constituting the subject matter oi: theinvention.

Secure-d on the upper surface oi? the breast beam 26, near its ends arebrackets 35 having Vertical raised ends carrying opposed set screws 37provided with lock nuts 38, the points ofthe screws bearing ag inst theopposite edges of ,a rail 39 having a recntorcing rib lO extendinglongitudinally at the front.

Said rail rests in the brackets and is held by them at a height abovethe beam 26 to permit the passage of fabric thcrebetwcen, the rail beingadjustable both laterally and lonciludinall; of the loom.

liastened by screws d1 to the lower side oi the rail 39 a plate l2extending be yond the inner edge of the rail, terminating in anupstanding ledge continuing; the full length ol the plateand having;arounded top,

The upper surface of the ail is recessed, as at id, to receive 1'iatirely short sections of a bar so held by thumb clamp screws 46 midwayin the length of each section.

A plurality of brackets as of like thick ness are 'l ornicd with raisedcircular heads the inner projecting ends. these heads co'ntain rcularopenings 5 receptive of concentric bushings 51 extending through on bothsides.

The opposite corners of the brackets d8 '0 cut away and recessed. as atsaid refitting the rounded upper edge e so as to he hiuy aged a dsupported thereby po 7 f the clamp ha o the loosely but securely. V lsodrilled to pr penings to rece to an slicing rod fi l; parallel .d levelwith the ledge 43 and icing t encircle the rod between adjacent shoesand mpports the rod being prcrcnted. from moving ,cndwise by (otter pins33 as shown.

Mounted revolubly in the bushings 51 is a shaft 55 having a key-way 56,said shaft h v g a one and a d lling 121111.651 5, o

other means by which rotary motion from an convenient sourre may becommuni- -ated.

The other end of the shaft may be screwthreaded as at 58, and fittedwith nuts 59 abutting a sleeve 60 in contact with the outer surface ofthe adjacent bracket 48, the opposite end bracket being; in contact witha collar 61 pinned to the shaft near the pulley 57.

Arranged intermediate the pairs of brackcts are a plurality of thinsheet metal .discs or circular cutters 62 having: keen bevelled cuttingedges 63 and containing axial openings (3 1 into which extend integralkeys 65 suited to engage the keyqvay 56 in the shalt as the cutters arestrungupon it.

lnterjacent each pair of cutters are opposed pairs of convex springwashers .66, of lesser c iarneter than the discs slit as at 67 toincrease their resilience and having an opening 6,8 suited to theshaft55, the hub portion-of these washers being reversed and in contactas shown.

A shoe 70 is provided with each cutter disc, the same being made ofsheet metal folded into an essentially lJ-shape, its lower outer cornerbeing" removed and a recess 71 "formed in its side walls, said cornerand recess being similarto the corresponding corner and recess 52 of thebrackets and like said brackets suited to engage the ledge 4i to beheld. by the clamp bar 45.

The side walls also contain perforations 72 registering with theOpenings 53 of the brackets and like them being receptive of the rod54:. The opposite end of the shoe is cut at an angle 73, blending intothe curve Tl reaching to the lower wall of the shoe, the same extendingin advance as a tip or tongue 75 and containing a single perforation 76suited to cup go the pile wire 30.

At the underside of the shoe is a convex guard pocket '77 directly belowthe center of the cutter disc 62 and into which the periphery of thecutter extends, thus assuring" that any threads passing; over the tonguewill be severed. the movement of the cutter 62 being contraclockwisc asindicated by the arrows in Figs. 3 and 5.

From the tlorcgoiug it may be seen that a single strand o'l' wire onlyis used lo: catch cutter, the wire l, line and smooth oll'erction oi thereed;

De hi] the wire is i .Inerel passing it through the openn and thus isreadily engaged or diss ngwithout dilliculty or damage. lo it or shoe.

The rail 39 is so mounted as to be ad justable lengthwise and alsolimitedly to or" from the reed. In place of: the usual lined kniveswhich constantly become dull and impede proper cutting, rotary cuttersare used pijesenting the best possible cutting surface and they arepositively driven at a rate commensurate with the work to be done.

It is also to be pointed out that'the several. cutters are in ameasureself adjustable, due to the interposed resilient washers 66, andif the goods be specially fineor, coarse. the washers canlbe readilychanged to suitthe conditions.

As the clamp bar sections are relatively short, a corresponding sectionof the cutters can be removed as a unit or one or more as may bedesired. Due to the cutters nearly filling the shoes, no space at theirsides is presented to receive lint, bits of thread or the like to clogtheir action and as the actual cutting is done at the point ofintersection of the curved sides, the cutters rotating outwardly, highlyeffective and satisfactory results are attained.

It will be understood that the number of cutters used correspond to thenumber of stripes and that the center distances of the cutters agreewith those of the stripes.

From the foregoing it will be readily seen that as the pile stripes areformed on the wires 30 and the weft beaten by the reed 24, the fabricproduced will be advanced towards the breast beam, the tongues 75enterin the fabric between the pile and base portions and, as the fabricmoves forward, the rotary cutters are guided directly to the center ofthe stripes, which are thereby cut to produce the effect desired.

Although I have described myimprovd ments with considerable detail andwith respect to certain particular forms of my invention, I do notdesire to be limited to such details since many changes andmodifications may well be made without departing from the spirit andscope of my invention in-its broadest aspect.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. Pile cutting means for pile fabri looms, comprising a rail adjustablysecured over the breast beam of the loom, brackets removably engagedwith said rail, a shaft revoluble in said brackets, a plurality ofrotary cutters on said shaft, a guide shoe for each cutter, said shoesbeing engaged by the pile wires of the loom, and means for looselysupporting said shoes,

2, Pile cutting means for pile fabric looms comprising a rail, bracketsengaged at one end. therewith, a driven shaft housed in said brackets,circular cutters thereon, shoes for each cutter, said shoes beingengaged at one end with said fail, a rod passing transversely throughall of said brackets and shoes, spacing sleeves on said rod, a sectionalclamp bar for said shoes, and means for adjusting said shoes and cuttersafter assemblage.

3. Pile cutting means for pile fabric looms comprising a rail, anupstanding horizontal ledge on said rail, a sectional bar adj ustablyengaged with said rail to extend over said ledge, brackets havingnotched ends engaged said cutters are slidably mounted, means be-' tweenadjacent cutters permitting lateral adjustment, shoes for said cuttershaving sides reduced to clear said ad ust1ng means, concave-convexbottoms in saidshoes into which the edges of said cutters extend,brackets for said shaft, and a support common to said brackets and shoesupon which they are limitedly hingedly engaged.

5. {Means for slitting the raised loops of pile fabric as woven,comprising a plurality of circular cutters, a rotary shaft on which saidcutters are adjustably mounted, supports for said shaft disposed atspaced intervals in its length, said supports being hingedly mounted,guide shoes for said outters, said shoes having arcuately depressedbottoms adapted to receive'the peripheries of said cutters, a rodpassing through all of said shoes and upports, means on said rodadaptedto maintain said shoes, in uni form spaced relation, and means at thefree ends of said shoes adapted to engage the wires on'which the pileloop are raised.

6. In devices for cutting the loops of pile fabric as woven, a pluralityof revoluble circular cutters, U shaped guards over which said cuttersare adjacent-1y disposed,a haft on which said cutters are laterallyadjustably mounted, brackets for said shaft, the ends of said bracketsand shoes 'belng re-' cessed to present arcuate seats, a ledge receptive of said seats, means for loosely clamping the bracket and shoeson said ledge, and means for adjusting said ledge endwise and crosswiseof the loom.

7. In devicesiliur cutting the loops of pile fabric as woren, aplurality ofcutters, U

siaped guards for said cutters, rigid spacers between said guards,resilient saacers between said ciitters, wiies reniovably engaging saidguards, and support for said cutters and guards said supports permittinga limited freedom of movement.

8. Means for slitting the raised loops of epile fabric as woven,comprising a plurality of circular cutters, a rotary shaft on which saidcutters are adjustably mounted, sup-..

ports for said shaft disposed at spaced in tervals in its length, saidsupports being hingedly mounted, gulde shoes for said cut ters. fiatpcrtoratc extensions formed with said shoes, adapted to engage with thepile wires 01: a 100m, and a rod passing through all of said supportsand shoes.

9. Means for slitting the raised loops of pile fabric as Woven,comprising a plurality of circular cutters, a shaft having a key- Way, aplurality of equally spaced circular cutters thereon keys integral Withsaid cutters engaging the keyway in said shaft, 10 spring Washersbetween adjacent cutters, hingedly mounted supports for said shaft, andmeans on said shaft for pressing said cutters toward each other.

In Witness whereof I have signed my name 1.5 to this applicaticn.

THEODOR BACHOFEN.

